Granuloma Genitalium
What is Granuoma Inguinale?
Granuloma inguinale is sexually transmitted infection which is caused by the bacterium Klebsiella granulomatis.
What are the symptoms of Granuloma Inguinale?
- Initially, one may experience a pimple or a lump on the skin. This lesion is generally small and painless and may easily go unnoticed.
- Ulcers may develop on the genitals or the area surrounding the genitals. The lesions are red in appearance and can bleed.
- The infection may spread to the abdominal organs, bones or the mouth. The lesions can also develop secondary infection and can coexist with other STIs.
- Anal or mouth sores may also be a feature if there regions ar involved during sex. However, anal and mouth lesions are also less common.
What are the risk factors for Granuloma Inguinale?
- You are at an increased risk of developing Granuloma Inguinale if you are sexually active and have had sexual contact with individuals from tropical regions where the infection is most commonly present.
- Men who have sex with men are also at an increased risk of developing the infection.
- The infection is common in New Guinae, Guyana, Southeast Asia, and some parts of Australia.
How can my doctor confirm Granuloma Inguinale?
Your doctor may conduct tests which may confirm the presence of this bacterium. Diagnosis may require a biopsy. This involves the sampling of a small region of the infected area. Once the area of skin is removed, the sample will be tested for the presence of Klebsiella granulomatis bacteria. Tests may also be performed by scraping the infected area and performing further tests on the sample.
Granuloma Inguinale is associated with other STIs as well - It may be beneficial to test for the other potentially infectious STIs as well as these may be asymptomatic but may still lead to complications if left untreated.
Do I have to inform my sexual partners that I have Granuloma Inguinale?
If you have had sex with an individual 60 days before the onset of symptoms of the infection, this person must be informed as he or she needs to be examined as well and offered therapy.
Is there a cure for Granuloma Inguinale?
- Granuloma Inguinale is treated with antibiotics. Early treatment is ideal as this may prevent permanent scarring or swelling in the genital area.
- After treatment, it is important to attend regular check-ups in order to ensure that the infection does not recur.
What are the Complications of Granuloma Inguinale?
- The development of abnormal cells which may form a tumor.
- The infection may spread via the blood.
- The infection may spread to the bone causing "osteomyelitis". This is the term used to describe bone infection.
- Abnormal vaginal bleeding.
- Narrowing of the anus, vagina or the urethra.
Further information and help
Reference List:
https://www.healthline.com/health/granuloma-inguinale#symptoms-and-stages
https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/donovanosis.htm